This wasn’t to help the girls- this was to do it first. The girl’s mutation might have fixed a gene that would have caused death or severe disability, preventing hardship. Parent’s make decisions for their children all the time, but usually for some benefit. In some situations, I could see how this would be acceptable. They were genetically modified babies from conception, with no choice in the matter. Scientists decided to change who the girls were, at the most fundamental biological level, before their tiny hearts beat for the first time. Why would you risk that for something that might not even help them? The choices these girls will never have Or worse, suffer unimaginably from other physical or mental effects. They might die in two years from off-target effects of these mutations. We don’t know enough about the technology to predict what or how severe these might be. The mutations might have negative effects on the girls. If you’re going to make genetically modified babies, the potential benefits should be worth the unknown and potentially devastating risks. The scientists should have chosen one of those targets. Children who might die or go blind at a young age. There are countless other life-threatening genetic disorders with known, more impactful, target genes. So the risk forced upon them may have no benefit at all. But more importantly, the girls weren’t infected with HIV. Genetic resistance to HIV is controversial, not commonly accepted. But heedless Chinese scientists created a mutation in twin girls that supposedly prevents HIV infection. Gene-editing technology isn’t ready for humans. This is called an “off-target” effect, and may be clear immediately or somewhere down the road. And the technology is notoriously known to accidentally “cut” other parts of the genome. But if it’s fatal, the offspring won’t survive. In theory, scientists can mutate any gene they want. An enzyme “cuts” out a piece of the DNA, then the cell mends the DNA back together, sans the missing piece. Using CRISPR (aka CRISPR/CAS9) gene-editing technology, doctors or scientists physically alter an embryo’s DNA before implanting it into the uterus. Genetically modifies babies are different.
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While we aren’t usually selecting specific traits (because we don’t know how to detect many of them yet), we commonly choose healthy embryos over unhealthy ones to increase the odds of IVF success. During the IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) process, we already do this often in modern times. This isn’t genetically modifying babies: it’s genetically testing embryos for preexisting traits or abnormalities and selecting the one you want. But he finds his way in the world because he’s determined. As he grows up, he turns out to be inferior to the “superhumans” that were selected by other parents. They opt to just “roll the dice” and have a regular mystery baby. The opportunity for a perfect baby, from eye color to physical stature. In one scene, doctors give two parents the option to choose specific traits of their child.
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Remember the movie Gattaca? It’s a (kick-ass) 90’s movie based on a future world where genetic traits define one’s station in life. It falls squarely under the “how can people just do this?” category. But we do know there are many potential problems with the study.Īnd perhaps more importantly, what will happen to the girls? Genetically modified babies are still babies. The sicentists revealed only bare details at a conference. Nothing has been published in peer-reviewed journals. The experiments lack transparency: we don’t know how they were conducted, or what the long-term design is.
So many parts of it bother me deeply as both a scientist and as a mother. This news is very exciting scientifically, but also potentially terrible in many ways. The twin girls have a DNA modification that supposedly makes them resistant to HIV infection.
A Chinese scientist recently announced that the world’s first genetically modified babies have been born.
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